Fig. 4

Tight junction proteins in canine colonoid-derived monolayers. A Representative immunocytochemistry image depicting tight junction proteins (ZO-1: Yellow, E-cadherin: Green) within a colonoid-derived monolayer treated with media containing the carrier control (DMSO) or 30 µM palmitic acid. The left panel represents the control group, and the right panel depicts the palmitic acid-treated group. Scale bar = 25 µm. B Fluorescence intensity in the entire field of view was quantified using ImageJ and subsequently normalized by dividing each intensity by the average of the intensity of the control group. The upper panel displays the normalized fluorescence intensity of ZO-1, while the lower panel showcases that of E-cadherin. This assessment was conducted across three biological replicates, each with three technical replicates. For each condition, five randomly selected fields of view at 63 × magnification were evaluated in each sample. The error bars represent the standard error of the mean. ** p < 0.01