Fig. 3

Impact of the embedding time on root tissue integrity. Root cross section obtained after 10 min a, 20 min b and 30 min c of paraffin embedding. Root structure deformation became visible after 20 min b, and 30 min c resulted in substantial deformation, as demonstrated by a loss of the structure of the external tissues and an inability to distinguish the different external tissues (epidermis, exodermis and sclerenchyma). In contrast, an embedding time in paraffin of 10 min (a) yielded tissues without any visible deformation